Auditing and Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Auditing and Accounting Ethics - Essay Example lient. Loebbecke, A., (2000) mentioned that a self-review threat occurs when any product or judgment of a previous assurance engagement or non-assurance engagement needs to be re-evaluated in reaching conclusions on the assurance engagement. When a member or member of the assurance team was previously a director or officer of the assurance client or was an employee would be in a position to exert direct and significant influence over the subject matter of an assurance engagement. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to: a member or member of the assurance team being, or having recently been, a member or member of the assurance team being, or having recently been, performing services for an assurance client that directly affect the subject matter of the assurance engagement. Mintz S. M. ... Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to: dealing in, or being a promoter of, shares or other securities of an assurance client; and acting as an advocate on behalf of an assurance client in litigation or in resolving disputes with third parties. Hayes, R., Dassen R., et al (2005) also noted that a familiarity threat occurs when, by virtue of a close relationship with an assurance client, its directors, officers or employees, a member, firm or member of the assurance team becomes too sympathetic to the client's interests. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to: a member or member of the assurance team having an immediate family member or close relative who is a director member of the assurance team having an immediate family member or close relative who, a former partner of the firm being a director or officer of the assurance client or an employee in a position to exert direct and significant influence over the subject matter of the assurance engagement, and acceptance of gifts or hospitality, unless the value is clearly insignificant, from the assurance client, its directors, officers or employees. An intimidation threat occurs when a member or member of the assurance team may be deterred from acting objectively and exercising professional skepticisms by threats, actual or perceived, from the directors, officers or employees of an assurance client. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include but are not limited to: threat of replacement due to a disagreement with the application of an accounting principle; and pressure to reduce inappropriately the extent of work performed in order to

CRJ311 Week 5 discussions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJ311 Week 5 discussions - Essay Example From the pictures taken of the blood stain on the husband’s clothing, the pattern of the blood on the cloth is that of the contact transfer. In this essence, it elaborates that the husband was in a contact with the victim after the victim was stabbed. Drawing from the explanation of the husband on the nature with which he got into contact with the blood through an attempt to comfort the wife, the pattern thus concurs with his story. The absence of the husbands blood on any of the surfaces through a DNA test was equally an indicating factor that there had not been a struggle between the husband and the wife. This simulates that the husband was truly not present at the time of stabbing. Analysis of a blood pattern on a surface coupled with scientific tests like the DNA is thus a significant step in the identification of the direction of evidence (Englert, 2010). The profiling of DNA is a complicated undertaking biological exercise. Nevertheless, the technology has a great implication on the manner with which investigation and evidence unveiling has been revolutionized. The use of the technology has aided in the solution of a multiple of cases some of which had been labeled as cold cases thus acting as an important milestone in the issuance of justice in the judiciary process. The success of a DNA identification of evidence, the process of collection, handling, and storage of evidence is crucial. This is because biological evidences have higher incidences of decaying, which may alter the genetic composition through a series of genetic mutation and adaptation (Krimsky, 2011). The use of DNA has revolutionized the aspect of criminal investigation in a number of ways. In the first instance, the technology has resulted to the provision of speed with which investigation work can be conducted. With the availability of the technology, it is easy to analyze and cross match