Protecting our Individual Rights essays

Ensuring our Individual Rights articles Singular rights are one of the foundations this nation is based upon. Truth be told, singular rights are the establishment of any majority rules system, and surely isolated us from the hopelessness of fascism, socialism, and totalitarianism. Be that as it may, while numerous residents underestimate singular rights in our general public, there are other people who are resolved to lessening person rights for the sake of uniformity and security. Our individual rights are in peril from an assortment of sources, and securing them, while still ensuring society all in all, ought to be principal in the brains of all Singular rights are not another idea. They were premier in the brains of our ancestors who manufactured another country. Three Constitutional specialists note, As ahead of schedule as 1646 there emerged in Massachusetts the interest for the 'delight in our lives, libertys and domains, as indicated by our due and regular rights, as freeborne subjects of the English country' (Barlow, Toll, and Masugi 169). This voracious requirement for opportunity originated from periods of mistreatment and oppression in Great Britain, where just the highest echelons of society and business appreciated the most renown and benefit. Recently settled Americans would have liked to fashion a land where there were no class differentiations, and everybody could appreciate similar benefits and freedoms. Truth be told, we constitutionalized these rights, which as a result implied the governing body couldn't just administer singular rights, they were ensured by the Constitution, and would require state endorsement to adjust singular rights. These laws are likewise alluded to as basic law, higher law, or principal law (Barlow, Levy, and Masugi 170). Subsequently, law ensures our individual rights, and in that capacity, we here and there take them Singular rights include numerous aspects regularly disregarded in the battle for independence versus the benefit of the entirety. Remembered for the essential rights we appreciate are the privilege to... <!

World Literature Essay Example for Free

World Literature Essay Flaubert’s Madame Bovary was distributed to basic approval and open embarrassment during Second Empire France (1852â€1870). Government blue pencils refered to the novel for culpable open profound quality and religion, however indictment and protection both recognized the artist’s accomplishment. Flaubert was attempted and cleared for a convincing representation of his heroine’s troubled marriage, two-faced relationships, monetary ruin, and self destruction. The formation of an amazing and significantly tangled male creative mind, Emma Rouault Bovary is a polarizing figure. She exemplifies yet difficulties original pictures of ladies (virgin/mother, madonna/prostitute, blessed messenger/alarm) emerging from male experience. She raises doubt about instruction, marriage, and parenthood, foundations that teach these dichotomous perspectives on ladies. Thomas Manns Death in Venice opens, as Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, on the location of Aschenbachs innovative poise broke by a new apprehensive fervor. As Aschenbachs mind turns uselessly, we sense promptly that Venice itself will be at last only a pleasant outside, the scenery to a story whose cardinal occasions have a place with a psychological world†to what Mann called â€Å"reality as an activity of the psyche† (Mann 29). Thomas Mann has saved no inference to recommend that the saint of the story looks like its creator at any rate as to his artistic creation. However Aschenbach is said to have accomplished decisively the old style befitting a victor of the pit the very style which Flaubert spoofs in recounting to the awful story of Madame Bovarys frustrate and destruction. The cultural outrage of Madame Bovary is as remote now as the parsimony of the soul rehearsed by Flaubert and Mann, who appear to be practically liberal. Emma appears as tumultuous as Aschenbach. With these saints the novel enters the domain of dormancy, where the heroes are exhausted, yet the peruser isn't. Poor Emma, demolished by usury as opposed to adore, is indispensable to the point that her stupidities don't make a difference. A substantially more than normal sexy lady, her ability forever and love is the thing that moves us to respect her, and even to adore her, since like Flaubert himself we end up in her. For what reason is Emma so unfortunate? On the off chance that it can turn out badly, it will turn out badly for her. Flaubert, similar to a portion of the people of yore, accepted there were no mishaps. Ethos is the daimon, your character is your destiny, and everything that transpires begins by being you. Rehashing, we endure the anguish of observing the stages that lead to Emmas implosion. That anguish duplicates in spite of Flauberts commended separation, incompletely on account of his uncanny aptitude at proposing what number of various consciousnesses attack and encroach upon any single awareness, even one as typical as Emmas. Emmas I is an other, thus much the more terrible for the exotic apprehensiveness that discovers it has become Emma. At whatever point Emma is seen in simply erotic terms, Flaubert talks about her with a fragile, practically strict inclination, the manner in which Mann discusses Aschenbach. Flaubert rebuffed himself brutally, in and through Emma, by bleakly blending in a noxious request of common social reality, and a similarly harmful request of daydreamed play, Emmas dreams of a perfect enthusiasm. The blending in is brutal, considerable, and of unrivaled stylish respect. Emma has no Sublime, however the reversed Romantic vision of Flaubert convinces us that the most grounded composing can speak to boredom with a real existence upgrading power. Flaubert loathed authenticity and said so again and again for an incredible duration; he cherished just the supreme virtue of workmanship. Madame Bovary has little to do with authenticity, and something to do with a prescience of impressionism, however in a most refracted style. All of poor Emmas minutes are without a moment's delay dreary and special. At snapshots of all the more overwhelming exotic nature there even develops a â€Å"formula† for Emmas erotic forces, a trademark style of sensation which, as we probably am aware from Flauberts different works, wasnt imagined for Emma alone but instead is by all accounts a fundamental equation for Flaubertian sensation all in all. Sexuality in Flaubert is as often as possible communicated regarding an undulating iridescence. â€Å"Here and there,† Flaubert composes as a component of his depiction of Emmas first cheerful sexual involvement in (Rodolphe in the timberland close Yonville), â€Å"all around her, in the leaves and on the ground, patches of light were trembling, as though murmuring flying creatures, while in flight, had dissipated their feathers† (Flaubert 56). A lot later, as she lies alone in bed around evening time appreciating dreams of fleeing with Rodolphe, Emma envisions a future where â€Å"nothing explicit stuck out: the days, every one of them brilliant, took after each other like waves; and the vision [cela] influenced on the boundless skyline, amicable, somewhat blue, and washed in sun† (Flaubert 94). A world overwhelming with erotic guarantee (and not, at this point blindingly enlightened by sexual powers) is, in Flaubert, every now and again a universe of many reflected lights obscured by a fog tinged with shading.

How ADHD Symptoms Present in Women

How ADHD Symptoms Present in Women ADHD Adult ADD/ADHD Print How ADHD Symptoms Commonly Present in Women By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by a board-certified physician Updated on January 19, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children John Burke / Getty Images Females often live with undiagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), partly because its a condition that was traditionally thought to affect mostly males, but also because females tend to have a less obvious type than males. In school, ADHD symptoms in  girls  may get overlooked because females are more likely to have inattentive ADHD, which doesnt have the visible behavior problems that hyperactive/impulsive ADHD usually does.?? The 3 Types of ADHD ADHD comes in three types: inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, and a combination of the two. Males tend to have the hyperactive/impulsive kind, which may cause them to be fidgety, always on the go, interrupt others, feel restless, talk a lot, make snap decisions, have mood swings, and be impatient. Females have a tendency to exhibit the inattentive type, which makes it hard to focus, pay attention to details, stay organized, listen, and remember things.?? ADHD Symptoms in Women Are Often Explained Away as Personality Traits ADHD symptoms in girls are often explained as character traits rather than ADHD. For example, a girl might be thought of as spacey, a day-dreamer, forgetful, or chatty. Later in life, a woman might reach out for help for her ADHD, only to be diagnosed with depression or anxiety instead.?? The good news is that there is an increasing awareness about ADHD symptoms in women, which means women are able to get the help they need. Women with ADHD face the same feelings of being overwhelmed and exhausted that men with ADHD may feel. Psychological distress, feelings of inadequacy, low self-esteem, and chronic stress are common. Often women with ADHD feel that their lives are out of control or in chaos, and daily tasks may seem impossibly huge. Though many women are expected to be caretakers, this role can be extremely difficult for a woman with ADHD. When things feel out of control and she has trouble organizing and planning her own life, taking care of others seems nearly impossible. This role also may greatly increase her feelings of inadequacy. Common Signs of ADHD in Women Here are some ways that ADHD might show up in your life: Your desk at work is piled high with papers. Even when you make a big effort to tidy it, it only stays clear for a day or two.Being at the office feels difficult. The noise and people make it hard to get work done.You often stay late at the office, as the only time you can work well is when everyone else has left and its quiet.You spend a lot of time and effort to look normal, and hope no one notices the real you.You feel like youre drowning in paper. At work, home, in your car, and even in your purse. You have an uneasy feeling that unpaid bills and forgotten projects are hiding under the paper.You dislike going to parties and other social gatherings because they make you feel overwhelmed and shy.Your mind drifts during conversations unless youre the one talking or its a topic you find very interesting.Friendships can be difficult to navigate because social rules seem complicated.You talk more than anyone else you know.  Growing up, you were always described as a tomboy because you had so much energy and liked to be busy.You dont feel organized with money and are usually behind with bills.  You often overspend to compensate for other problems. For example, you dont have a clean outfit to wear for an office party so you buy a new one. Or you forgot someones birthday, so you buy an expensive present to make up for it.Shopping trips make you feel better in the moment, but you feel regret later when the credit card bill arrives.You spend a lot of time, money, and research on products to help you be more organized, but then you dont use them.You feel very embarrassed to have guests visit your home because its so cluttered and disorganized.You wish you were able to be a better friend, partner, or mom, and that you would do the things that other people do. For example, you wish you could remember birthdays, bake cookies, and arrive on time for a date.Because youre not able to do the things that society expects women to do, people may think you dont care.Grocery store s overwhelm you, and you find it hard to make decisions about what to buy.You often forget a key ingredient for a meal even though you take longer in the store than most people do.It feels like each day is spent responding to requests and limiting disasters rather than moving forward with your goals.You feel frustrated that people you went to school with pass you by with their achievements, even though you know youre just as smart.You feel crushing sadness and frustration that you havent met your potential.Little things can push you over the top and you become emotional.You find it hard to relax. Many women are relieved to learn that behaviors they have been struggling with for so long are because of ADHD. Co-Occurring Conditions Other conditions can also be present along with ADHD. When you have more than one condition, they are called comorbid conditions or coexisting  conditions. Here are some conditions that women often have in addition to their ADHD:?? Substance use disorders, such as alcohol or drugsAnxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder (SAD) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)Sleep  disordersEating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimiaMood disorders, like depression or bipolar disorder Its good to be aware of these coexisting conditions because they can cause symptoms that look similar to ADHD. This, in turn, can make diagnosing ADHD  more complex. However, an experienced clinician  will be aware of this challenge.   Treatment Can Help If you think you might have ADHD, its important to be diagnosed by a healthcare professional. An accurate diagnosis and treatment will allow you to get relief from your symptoms and greatly improve the quality of your life.

Reading And Writing Is Essential For Understanding And...

In this day and age reading and writing are fundamental functions for everything a person does. Reading is essential for understanding and comprehending warning signs and instructions on a medicine bottle as well as filling out applications. It is important that one knows how to read in order to find a job or to use it for their benefits. Writing is also an important part of anyone’s life. Writing is use as a tool of expression and a basis of which your work will be judged throughout one’s life. The work that one has to put into getting an education is never the best part of an average adult’s life. Today, many people are met with obstacles that prevent them from getting qualifications however, when these obstacles are overcome, an education can be gained by anyone, anytime and anyplace. Nonetheless, for anyone trying to gain an education or higher education, one must be dedicated and have the drive to reach their goals. For Malcolm X and Frederick Douglass, gain ing an education was very different for them as it was difficult and it was almost an impossible goal to achieve. Both of these men never stopped working towards their dream of one day learning how to read and write and this should be an example to young adults of today. X and Douglass foreshadowed the difficulty of gaining an education. In this essay, I will described how two individuals of oppression strived to better themselves via education. Malcolm X gained the knowledge of reading and writing easier than that

Indonesian Culture And Nursing The Republic Of Indonesia

Indonesian Culture and Nursing The Republic of Indonesia is a land full of many different cultures, ethnicities and beliefs. It consists of five large islands, and thousands of smaller islands, of which six thousand are inhabited (â€Å"Indonesia†, 2016). Indonesia is a little over nine thousand miles away from the United States, and with all that distance comes some distinct differences in lifestyle, beliefs, and social norms. As a nurse working in the healthcare field, it is our responsibility to be respectful of other people’s beliefs and values and to encourage diversity, even with our patients. Allowing our patients to continue their normal routines as much as possible and to feel comfortable decreases stress, which enables healing. It is hard to be respectful of another’s beliefs without first having an accurate data base of information about said person’s beliefs. This essay outlines detailed information about several different aspects of Indonesian culture including; family pat terns, communication, space and time, nutritional patterns, health beliefs and practices, spiritual practices, and biological variations. Family Patterns Family is very important to Indonesians. Family defines a person’s position and life and provides, security, status and identity. The family structure that is prevalent is the extended family. This extended family arrangement provides security, along with responsibilities. Children are expected to take care of their parents throughout the lifeShow MoreRelatedThe Nurses Working Hours : General Description Of Indonesian Regulation1512 Words   |  7 PagesThe Nurses Working Hours: General Description of Indonesian Regulation Introduction Health care is one of the area of public services which need continuous services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Therefore, traditionally, shift hours work schedule is the only options over the traditional Monday through Friday office hours to provide continuous services to the public. As generally known, there are options of working hours in applying the shift work hours. There are some institutions use 12-hoursRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPublic Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A PoliticalRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesBehavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesRFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structure [9.1.3] 9.1.1 Organization charts 1.4.4 Project offices Chapter 4 9.2 Building the team (.1.3) [3.5.3] [App G.2 Building teams] 9.4 Managing the team 9.3.2 Team building activities 9.2.4 Virtual

Taxation W/O Representation Free Essays

The colonists strongly desired independence and separation from Britain once taxation without representation was imposed on them. The colonies struggled to earn their representation in the Parliament of their mother country. They were turned down repeatedly and this caused huge issues for the colonists; it was the complete reason for the Revolutionary War. We will write a custom essay sample on Taxation W/O Representation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, the demand for no taxation without representation was the primary force to motivate America against Britain and it was also a symbol for democracy. A primary cause is the definite reason to how much or to what extent; therefore, the primary cause for the revolutionary movement was America’s demand for no taxation without representation. Taxes were forced upon the 13 colonies to gain money for Britain. After the Seven Years’ War, King George III issued the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act to simply raise revenue for the economy. These acts were imposed on the colonies without their word or representation. These acts drove the colonists to think for themselves and their own rights. The pursuit for â€Å"life, liberty, and property† began, and drove the colonist’s strong desire for their representation. Although Britain repealed the Stamp Act due to the anger of the colonies, they created the Declaratory Act, which gave them complete rights to control taxation and anything â€Å"in all cases whatsoever†. Colonists of America believed that their rights and liberties were completely taken away because they had no representation in the Parliament. Many boycotts and restraints to the taxes took place- although many peaceful approaches were attempted to the King for the representation of the colonies. The Olive Branch Petition is an example- this was sent to the king so they could be recognized and equally represented. Instead of introducing a violent approach, this enabled the colonists to put their say in how they wanted representation-not independence yet. This was one of the letters that were turned down by the king-it was argued that America did have representation in the Parliament. This angered the colonists because they did not believe they had just representation due to the fact that Britain was 3,000 miles away across the Atlantic Ocean and that it was almost impossible to them to be governed. Many began producing rhetoric speeches and poetry that showed their desire for independence and the anger that they were building up because they were turned down for their representation. A pamphlet titled the Common Sense by Thomas Paine brought upon the ideas that they should have independence from Britain and a republican government instead-this pamphlet became extremely popular and sold over 150,000 copies. The acts that did not give proper representation led the colonists to boycott and think individually for their country-it was a primary source to the revolutionary movement including the Revolutionary War that ended with success of the Americans. These enabled the American colonists for desire for independence and a separation from Britain after being repeatedly rejected. Not only did they not have much of a representation, but Britain rarely included the colonies. This was called salutary neglect-where Britain tended to forget about Americca and not focus on them at all. Thomas Jefferson signed the Declaration of Independence in 1778, which was full of statements and reasons that justified why America should be separated- because they were rejected and still not represented properly. In this document it states that they relied on democratic consent of the governed. The imposed taxes without representation to America were a direct drive for democracy. This taxation without representation represents the core value to independence and separation from Britain. Many documents and studies show that no taxation without representation is the primary cause for the revolutionary movement and is also a symbol of democracy. Document C introduces how the taxes are completely imposed without the America’s consent- and that it is denied because it is not fair to the colonies that don’t even get representation to their government. This proves that no taxation without representation enabled many letters and petitions to be sent to the king that angered the leaders and the other colonists because there is no consent of the governed. Document G-which is the Common Sense pamphlet explained above-is an example of the drive to independence and a symbol for democracy. â€Å"It is evident that they belong to different systems. † This justifies how it is simply not possible for America to be correctly represented. In conclusion, no taxation without representation angered the colonists and drove them to the revolutionary movement. It was the primary reason to motivate them and it was a symbol of democracy by forcing their desire to separate away from Britain and become their own government. How to cite Taxation W/O Representation, Papers

Ways Strategic Human Resource Management free essay sample

Discuss the ways strategic human resource management (SHRM) could contribute to organizational performance in the next five years. Strategic human resource management contributes to organizational performance. Resource Management is â€Å"the process of ensuring that resources are sufficient and efficient for a task. Resources may include anything a business or organization possesses that is used in the process of creating or maintaining business operations. Strategic Human Resource Management also known as and for the purpose of this essay SHRM is â€Å"designed to help companies best meet the needs of their employers while promoting company goals. This essay will discuss how Strategic human resource management contributes to organizational performance over the next five years how through these determining factors; Identifying major principles within SHRM, Internal and external factors and finally, the two factors above will result in identifying examples that HRM can face when implementing organizational performance over the next five years. Strategic Human Resource Management can contribute to organizational performance in the next 5 years through identifying the major principles within SHRM are of significance. We will write a custom essay sample on Ways Strategic Human Resource Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page SHRM imposes an intention and focus in finding the most appropriate ways of managing people to effectively acquire the organizations calculated strategy. For the purpose of this essay three major models, which represent the principles of SHRM, will be utilized. Firstly, the ‘5 P model’ implies that philosophies, policies, programs, practices and processes within strategic business relies on and represents the managements overall outcomes when considering survival, development, flexibility and profitability (Schuler 1992). These practices all rely in a cascading effect on each other therefore they take time. Secondly, the ‘competitive strategy and role behaviors model’ links strategy with behavior. Unlike and instruction manual humans social interaction is one that can’t be mechanical. Therefore for this particular model HRM practices are an applicable in achieving proposed strategies. 6 strategies are identified as planning, staffing, appraising, compensating, training and development (Schuler amp; Jackson 1987). Thirdly, the ‘two stage model’ is fundamentally inherent on a model of strategic management. The model argues that the rating of performance is made at the time of the observation of performance. Ultimately, this only considers a small portion of reality and therefore the rating can be manipulated and should not have significance in total performance. Hence suggestions imply that another stage be apparent to demonstrate consistent observations of performance and be stored therefore ratings either side can then be better judged, hence the two stage model. (Development and Test of the Two-stage Model of Performance Appraisal Charmine E.J. Hartel Strategic Human Resource Management can contribute to organizational performance in the next 5 years through identifying the internal and external factors. EXTERNAL FACTORS External factors such as legislation are the backbone of how responsibility is defined in human resources. HR professionals must be as up to date as possible and legislation as laws can change and ultimately effect performance, in this case, over 5 years. From a man agerial point of view, keeping employees up to date and abiding by laws is critical to performance. Additionally, these professionals must also consider and must be familiar with legalization operating in other countries, particularly when they are responsible for expatriates and employees, who are working overseas. The management of equal employment opportunity (EEO) is also considerable when contributing to organizational performance over 5 years. For example, if people identify that they are not being treated equal, from income to social injustice in the workplace this can alter the flow of a business. Further, people could leave their job and this lack of consistency can ltimate in undesirable organizational performance. However, when EEO is purposefully implied within an organization it can ensure employees are treated with fairness and respect and further, secure and retain the best people for jobs. Again, contributing to long-term organizational performance. Any change in external factors cans ultimate in the impact of the construction of HRM procedures. INTERNAL FACTORS Opp osed to external factors, internal factors include the dynamics within an organization. For example and for the purpose of this essay, culture. Organizational culture has a significant effect on HRM and how it is strategized. Culture is embedded in human interaction. HR is able to build their practices around a culture within an organization by observation and implementation. Culture can include any factors such as how the organization runs, beliefs and ideologies and further how the organization likes to be seen and thought of. When considering organizational performance over 5 years, the culture can have a very persuading or non-persuading effect depending on the HRM. For example, the vitamin company ‘Blackmore’s‘ implies a high performing happy culture with bonus based incentives to match, Further, as the reader suggests Blackmore’s also promoted a scheme based on performance to result in a Christmas ham. These ideologies that Blackmore’s demonstrate are effective ways of that SHRM can contribute to organizational factors over 5 years. Taking into consideration the two contributing factors above, when applying this to organizational performance over the next 5 years, the following examples can justify these factors. It is clear that incorporating human resource management strategies and systems to achieve the overall goal and success of a company while meeting the needs of its employees and stakeholders is what needs to be done, the question is what are the challenges that are going to come from this over the next five years when relating it to the organizational performance. A vital issue when talking about internal and external factors is collaboration of culture. Organizational culture influences HRM immensely. HRM practices, which have een stated above, are able to contribute to the building and maintenance of organizational performance if thought out and adjusted into both internal and external factors. A good example is Google. The HRMG Unit outline identifies that Google’s culture is team orientated, collaborative, encourages people to think and to work with integrity, all of this entails working for the benefit of the company and ultimately for the benefit of the world. Further, i ts fundamental elements, which comprise these things, are clear recognition by the founders in relation to the type of culture they wanted to build. The significance of recruiting employees into their company who suited their culture is known. The process of finding these employees is time consuming and a demanding process however it is these steps, which contribute to success. Finally there culture is fun. It allows for ‘free thinking’ and imagination, which helps to build what they are going for. It sustains a small organizational feel, with a consistent culture, which allows the challenges of their organizational performance to be decreased, and therefore their success increased. In Conclusion Strategic human resource management contributes to organizational performance. This essay has discussed how Strategic human resource management contributes to organizational performance over the next five years, how through these determining factors; Identifying major principles within SHRM, Internal and external factors and finally, the two factors which resulted identifying an example ‘Google’, that HRM can face when implementing organizational performance over the next five years.

Mysteries Of The World Essays - British Films, Free Essays

Mysteries Of The World Essays - British Films, Free Essays Mysteries of the World Mystery and the study of the unknown has always fascinated people. The search for truth in the "uncomprehensible" has led to many controversies. Some believe in the "supernatural", while others simply do not. Both types of people obviously have their own reasonings for believing or disbelieving in it. There are numerous world famous mysteries that are still controversial and remain "unsolved" to this day. Some of these mysteries include the Loch Ness Monster, the Abominable Snowman, and the Bermuda Triangle. The Loch Ness Monster is a legendary animal that supposedly resides in the depths of Loch Ness, a long narrow lake situated in rural Scotland. Stories concerning the monster date back to the 6th century A.D. The region was in complete isolation until a road was built alongside the lake in 1933. Then large numbers of people travelled through the region for the very first time. Over the years thousands have reported seeing something in the lake. Most reports depict a long neck surging from the water with a small head of a unknown creature. Pictures have even been taken of this "creature", but most scientists however, refuse to believe any creature of this kind lives in the Loch Ness. They claim that most reported cases are simply products of overactive imaginations, and as for the pictures, scientists say they are not lucid enough to distinguish items clearly, and some pictures are dubbed as "fake". A large number of non-scientists believe however, that the Loch Ness is the site of a b reeding colony of large unknown aquatic animals, due to the fact that Loch Ness was once an arm of the sea. Yearly summer investigations have been conducted since 1963 in attempt to unravel the mystery. Investigators have obtained films and sonar readings that indicate that there just might be some unknown animal in the depths of the Loch Ness. Evidence however, is inconclusive, and the controversy continues. Along with the Loch Ness monster, the abominable snowman shares fame as one the great mysteries of the world. The abominable snowman is a legendary creature of the Himalaya mountain region. It is reported to live in forested regions near the snow line. This creature is also known to some by the name Yeti. The abominable snowman is said to walk upright and have the appearance of half-man, half-ape. Many of the descriptions given to this creature are based upon the findings of large, unidentified foot prints in the snow, found in the Himalayas. In order to ascertain the truth behind the abominable snowman legends, countless expeditions have been undertaken, and most turned up empty. Today most experts hold the view that the "abominable snowman" is simply a "fairy tale" and don't take the matter seriously. The foot prints used to support the legends, are thought by scientists, to be prints of a bear or markings left my drifting snow and falling rocks. The legend of the abominable snowma n has been kept alive 'till this day, mostly by the Sherpa, a tribe of people living in the Himalayas. These people have always kept the belief that the abominable snowman is a true fact of life. To them he is seen as a religious figure, to be feared as well as protected. Without any concise evidence however, no one can prove this legendary animal from the mountains exists, so the mystery continues to baffle. Like the Loch Ness monster and the abominable snowman, the Bermuda triangle presents another intriguing wonder to the world. The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's triangle, is a triangular area of the Atlantic Ocean (305,000 km2) where the disappearances of ships, airplanes, and boats has led to the belief that "supernatural" forces inhabit this area of the sea. More than 200 planes, ships, and boats are believed to have disappeared in this triangle without a trace. This includes over 1,000 seamen and airmen. In most of these disappearances, it is the fact that no distress signal was ever received from the disappearing ships and/or planes that heightens the mystery of what happened to them. Although violent storms and downward air currents frequently occur in the area, scientists have not revealed anything extremely peculiar. Boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle

The Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate The Abbasid Caliphate, which ruled most of the Muslim world from Baghdad in what is now Iraq, lasted from 750 to 1258 A.D. It was the third Islamic caliphate and overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate to take power in all but the western-most fringe of Muslim holdings at that time- Spain and Portugal, known then as the al-Andalus region. After they defeated the Ummayads, with significant Persian assistance, the Abbasids decided to de-emphasize ethnic Arabs and recreate the Muslim caliphate as a multi-ethnic entity. As part of that reorganization, in 762 they moved the capital from Damascus, in what is now Syria, northeast to Baghdad, not far from Persia in present-day Iran. Early Period of the New Caliphate Early in the Abbasid period, Islam exploded across Central Asia, although usually the elites converted and their religion trickled down gradually to ordinary people. This, however, was not conversion by the sword. Incredibly, just one year after the fall of the Umayyads, an Abbasid army was fighting against the Tang Chinese in what is now Kyrgyzstan, in the  Battle of Talas River  in 759. Although Talas River seemed like just a small skirmish, it had important consequences- it helped to set the boundary between the Buddhist and Muslim spheres in Asia and also allowed the Arab world to learn the secret of paper-making from captured Chinese artisans. The Abbasid period is considered a Golden Age for Islam. Abbasid caliphs sponsored great artists and scientists and great medical, astronomical, and other scientific texts from the classical period in Greece and Rome were translated into Arabic, saving them from being lost. While Europe languished in what was once called its Dark Ages, thinkers in the Muslim world expanded upon the theories of Euclid and Ptolemy. They invented algebra, named stars like Altair and Aldebaran and even used hypodermic needles to remove cataracts from human eyes. This was also the world that produced the stories of the Arabian Nights- the tales of Ali Baba, Sinbad the Sailor, and Aladdin came from the Abbasid era. The Fall of the Abbasid The Golden Age of the Abbasid Caliphate ended on February 10, 1258, when Genghis Khans grandson, Hulagu Khan, sacked Baghdad. The Mongols burned the great library in the Abbasid capital and killed the Caliph Al-Mustasim. Between 1261 and 1517, surviving Abbasid caliphs lived under Mamluk rule in Egypt, wielding more or less control over religious matters while having little to no political power. The last Abbasid caliph, Al-Mutawakkil III, supposedly handed over the title to the Ottoman Sultan Selim The First in 1517. Still, what was left of the destroyed libraries and scientific buildings of the capital lived on in Islamic culture- as did the pursuit of knowledge and understanding, especially concerning medicine and science. And although the Abbasid Caliphate was considered Islams greatest in history, it would certainly not be the last time a similar rule took over the Middle East.

Auditing and Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Auditing and Accounting Ethics - Essay Example lient. Loebbecke, A., (2000) mentioned that a self-review threat occurs when any product or judgment of a previous assurance engagement or non-assurance engagement needs to be re-evaluated in reaching conclusions on the assurance engagement. When a member or member of the assurance team was previously a director or officer of the assurance client or was an employee would be in a position to exert direct and significant influence over the subject matter of an assurance engagement. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to: a member or member of the assurance team being, or having recently been, a member or member of the assurance team being, or having recently been, performing services for an assurance client that directly affect the subject matter of the assurance engagement. Mintz S. M. ... Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to: dealing in, or being a promoter of, shares or other securities of an assurance client; and acting as an advocate on behalf of an assurance client in litigation or in resolving disputes with third parties. Hayes, R., Dassen R., et al (2005) also noted that a familiarity threat occurs when, by virtue of a close relationship with an assurance client, its directors, officers or employees, a member, firm or member of the assurance team becomes too sympathetic to the client's interests. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to: a member or member of the assurance team having an immediate family member or close relative who is a director member of the assurance team having an immediate family member or close relative who, a former partner of the firm being a director or officer of the assurance client or an employee in a position to exert direct and significant influence over the subject matter of the assurance engagement, and acceptance of gifts or hospitality, unless the value is clearly insignificant, from the assurance client, its directors, officers or employees. An intimidation threat occurs when a member or member of the assurance team may be deterred from acting objectively and exercising professional skepticisms by threats, actual or perceived, from the directors, officers or employees of an assurance client. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include but are not limited to: threat of replacement due to a disagreement with the application of an accounting principle; and pressure to reduce inappropriately the extent of work performed in order to

CRJ311 Week 5 discussions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJ311 Week 5 discussions - Essay Example From the pictures taken of the blood stain on the husband’s clothing, the pattern of the blood on the cloth is that of the contact transfer. In this essence, it elaborates that the husband was in a contact with the victim after the victim was stabbed. Drawing from the explanation of the husband on the nature with which he got into contact with the blood through an attempt to comfort the wife, the pattern thus concurs with his story. The absence of the husbands blood on any of the surfaces through a DNA test was equally an indicating factor that there had not been a struggle between the husband and the wife. This simulates that the husband was truly not present at the time of stabbing. Analysis of a blood pattern on a surface coupled with scientific tests like the DNA is thus a significant step in the identification of the direction of evidence (Englert, 2010). The profiling of DNA is a complicated undertaking biological exercise. Nevertheless, the technology has a great implication on the manner with which investigation and evidence unveiling has been revolutionized. The use of the technology has aided in the solution of a multiple of cases some of which had been labeled as cold cases thus acting as an important milestone in the issuance of justice in the judiciary process. The success of a DNA identification of evidence, the process of collection, handling, and storage of evidence is crucial. This is because biological evidences have higher incidences of decaying, which may alter the genetic composition through a series of genetic mutation and adaptation (Krimsky, 2011). The use of DNA has revolutionized the aspect of criminal investigation in a number of ways. In the first instance, the technology has resulted to the provision of speed with which investigation work can be conducted. With the availability of the technology, it is easy to analyze and cross match

Marketing plan of LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival

Marketing plan of LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival Listed as a not for profit organisation since 1996, the Melbourne Fashion Festival Ltd, now known as the LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival, has always been at the forefront of the fashion world. Over the years, the LMFF has become one of Australias top fashion events and focuses on target markets that are fashion oriented, social oriented and a mixture of both. The events success can be recognised by the efforts made by many individuals and businesses that have been with the organisation for many years. On March 14, 2011, the LMFF launched Fashion Full Stop: Decades of Australian Fashion, an event that celebrated designers, along with many labels and styles that have shaped Australias history in fashion. With tickets ranging from $79 to $39, 4000 fans filled the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centres plenary auditorium. Due to this, the event has been deemed a large priority in future shows and an extremely important opportunity to raise the profile of the organisation (LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival Pty Ltd, 2011) Therefore the main objective of this event is to be recognised both nationally and internationally as the leading event of its kind and stimulate activity across the retail, clothing, footwear, and creative sectors. The purpose of this marketing plan is to identify LMFFs many strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats ; and these must be used in union with several marketing strategies, actions and a budget of $47 200 to eventually achieve the overall objective. Although the companys strengths and opportunities outweigh the organisations weaknesses and threats, the growing competition within the fashion industry and changes in the marketing environment need to be of focus. For the event to be a success, the organisation must modify or maintain the strategies and actions to directly reflect these changes. Event Information The aim of the Fashion Full Stop Opening Runway event is to celebrate and promote iconic designers, labels, styles and moments from the 1960s to today, stimulate sales and present Melbourne as a precinct full of design superiority. Assessment of the Marketing Environment Internal Environment Strengths: Since the LMFF initiated in 1996, the unique LOreal brand image has flourished Created brand awareness, recognition and emotional value to its target audiences Has built a reputable media profile Has been able to grow and produce a diverse range of activities Showcases many strong brand names and sponsors Sales within Melbourne and other parts of Australia have skyrocketed Increased staff attitude towards the event, opinions about the event, and expertise and experience during the event Weaknesses: Certain markets are not focused, e.g. low income earners. This may be intentional as the event focuses on exclusivity. Due to the lack of detail about the event in regards to online advertising, television advertisements and more, previous customers may have a perception that the event may be similar to the previous year or be similar to competition. External Environment 3.21 Micro-Environment Competitive analysis and Venn Diagram Direct competitors (offer similar, but somewhat differentiated events) include: Location Prices Target Market Offerings and/or Sales Date and time Rosemount Australian Fashion Week Sydney Similar Same Similar Different Mercedes Benz Fashion Festival Brisbane Similar, but offer free events Similar Achieved an increase of 61% on ticket sales and 33% on attendance in 2008 (Lindsay Bennett Marketing, 2010) Different Motorola Melbourne Spring Fashion Week Melbourne Nearly all events are free Similar Very similar Different Perth Fashion Festival Perth Similar Same Very similar Different New Zealand Fashion Week Auckland (outside Australia) Very similar Similar Very similar Same Similar offerings Party Eclectic Well known SOCIAL HIGH PROFILE INTERNATIONAL Indirect competitors (seek to provide the same benefits to the consumers, but in a different form) include: Port Fairy Folk Festival Future Music Festival Moomba Festival 3.22 Macro Environment PESTE Analysis Political forces/legal and regulatory influences The LMFF is required to uphold and adhere to many political and legal regulatory practices and the most important include: Drinking laws: all underage visitors must be accompanied by an adult in bars and dining rooms (LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival Pty Ltd, 2011). Entry: refused entry is given to any person that is affected by alcohol/drugs, behaves aggressively or reduces the reputation of the LMFF or any organisation associated with the LMFF (LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival Pty Ltd, 2011). Intellectual property: in the interest of all the stakeholders, registered designs, trademarks, patents, and copyrights all need to be respected by using intellectual property laws. It encourages technological innovation and artistic expression in industries (Commonwealth of Australia , 2010). Economic trends In economic troubles, fashion, the arts and entertainment often get sacrificed because of a decrease in disposable income. However, the slowdown within worldwide expenditure due to the impact of the global economic crisis has had a little effect on the LMFF. In fact, consumers are still spending a large amount of income, visiting the festival on an annual basis, and sponsorship is still going strong. Socio-cultural trends According to Easey (2008), fashion is ultimately about change.many of these changes are brought about by designers trying to create something new to satisfy customers, but others are because of influences beyond the control of designers or manufacturers.some are within a companys control and others are way beyond it. Therefore, the LMFF opening runway show will have to focus on the current needs and wants of the target market and find a way to satisfy them. Technological trends In several industries, the development and utilisation of new technology gives the opportunity of improving a consumers experience. Recently, designers such as Alexander McQueen and Alexander Wang used technology to stream their fashion shows live online (Moore, 2010). The brand DKNY has also started using a barcode technology for invitations and seating arrangements for its fashion show (Moore, 2010). This type of technology could be developed for use in the LMFF opening runway show. Environmental trends Recently, an ethical fashion forum has developed a mission to support  and  promote  sustainable practices, facilitate  collaboration, raise  awareness  and provide the  tools  and  resources  needed to reduce poverty, reduce environmental damage and raise standards in the fashion industry (Ethical Fashion Forum, 2011). Therefore, the push to become green is fairly large on fashion shows and designers. SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Established in 1996 Unique LOreal brand image Not for profit organisation Stimulates sales within Melbourne and several brands Presents Melbourne as a centre of design superiority Diverse range of activities Unique Strong brand names Good reputation Popular shows created annually/positive track record Staff attitude and opinions Staff expertise and experience Existing media profile/reputable media partners or sponsors Location Celebrity attraction Although variety of offerings, certain markets are not focused on Perception that customers may already know whats of offer Lack of detail Current marketing campaigns are shallow and not environmentally friendly OPPORTUNITIES THREATS Increase visitors and attract tourists Boost retail sales and economy Exposure for sponsors/volunteers Upcoming designers and existing designers to showcase talent Build reputation of Melbourne Opportunities for the LMFF to create something different Competition/growth of other tourism areas in Melbourne Limited finance Infrastructure renewal due to increase of visitors Safety and security Major events throughout the year that target market prefer to spend time and money on Hard to create niche products/services due to continuously changing environment Increase in push to become green Target Market Consumer Information There are three types of target markets: Primary: approximately 50% of attendees, require a small amount of marketing costs, go for the fashion and are loyal to the event. Secondary: approximately 30% of attendees, require a slightly larger amount of marketing costs, use the fashion event as a social experience. Tertiary: approximately 20% of attendees require a large amount of marketing costs; go as its an event close to home. Target Markets and Market Segmentation Market Research For the purpose of improving the LMFF event and in order to determine the characteristics of the primary, secondary and tertiary target markets, secondary research has been used. This information has not been directly extracted from the audience, but instead from a variety of sources. A useful way in identifying the reasons why several target markets visited LMFF was to create a brand bullseye, which takes into account a variety of emotional and functional perceptions, opinions and hot buttons (Skildum-Reid et al, 2007), see appendix 1. Consumer Segmentation The primary target market are associated with the fashion world and are visiting the event to connect with designers, musicians, consumers, and retailers. In other words they are high profile guests who have been actively engaged with the festival throughout its history and continue to support LMFF into its future (LOreal Melbourne Fashion Festival Pty Ltd, 2011). The secondary target market enjoys socialising, spending a large amount of disposable income and are easily influenced by peers and the media. The tertiary are people that are interested in the arts, but use location and convenience to satisfy their needs and wants. Demographics Variables Target Market Primary Secondary Age 21 50 18 30 Gender Female and Male Female and Male Marital Status No No Education Yes Yes Children living at home No No Income Middle to upper class, large amount of income, between $50 000 $110 000 Lower class, large amount of disposable income, equal to or less than $30 000 Internet use/ type High/Broadband High/Broadband Online buying habits Medium High and know how to buy online tickets, etc Television viewing preferences Pay television Pay television and free to air television Transport use Private Public and Private Beverage and food preferences Expensive and prefer alcohol and tea/coffee Cheap and prefer alcohol and sweet drinks Employment status/occupation Employed, usually in the fashion industry Student, unemployed or new worker Location Both domestic and international Domestic and urban/metropolitan areas (Information collected from EIT Inc, 2005; Frankie, 2011; Fashion TV, 2011) Psychographics Variables Target Market Primary Secondary Lifestyle City prone Enjoys shopping Quality oriented Frequent buying behavior Interested in the arts music, dance etc Upscale and well-off Trendy Globetrotters Value-for-money oriented Social status activities No major responsibilities City prone Big spenders Personality Independent/Opinion leader Brand and fashion conscious Very sensitive to advertising Competitive Always searching for the newest trends and products representative of their social image Influenced by peers Outgoing Opinion formers Street-smart (Information collected from EIT Inc, 2005; Frankie, 2011; Fashion TV, 2011) Objectives Overall Business Objective The overall business objective of this event is to be recognised both nationally and internationally as the leading event of its kind and to stimulate activity across the retail, clothing, footwear, and creative sectors. SMART marketing objectives The objectives below conform to marketing standards of setting objectives which are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results oriented, and Time bound (Skildum-Reid et al, 2007). To obtain international and national prime time stories on channel FTV, various advertisements on national radio station NOVA, and a major advertising campaign with a colour photo in the magazine Frankie, one month before the event. To increase ticket sales domestically and internationally by 10% compared to the previous years opening runway event. To increase awareness and recognition of the brand LOreal in Australia from 20% to 35% by February 2012. To obtain five more sponsors prior to the event in order to increase funds by $150 000. Marketing Strategies Link to objective Rationale Strategies Measurement mechanism 1 This will achieve a large market penetration in the target markets and will encourage ticket sales before the event 1.1 Provide digital footage of highlights of last years event to various television and radio stations Number of televised stories that use the material 1.2 Create opportunities for video and audio interviews with designers of the event Number of interviews 1.3 Create and distribute press kits to local and international media Quality and acceptance of media kit 2 This will achieve market growth and showcase the event as being popular and well-known 2.1 Release early bird tickets at a discounted price to loyal customers Advance ticket sales and/or revenue, customer database 2.2 Provide online ticket purchases through connection of event website and ticketing company Ticket sales and/or revenue, customer database of event and ticketing company 2.3 Cross-promote with the event designers, singers and dancers through various advertising campaigns Number and quality of cross promotions 3 This will boost ticket sales and product sales before the event due to brand loyalty and recognition 3.1 Offer and provide samples of LOreal products to customers Number and frequency of customer purchases, customer opinion and satisfaction 3.2 Cross-promote event with LOreal advertisements Number, quality and success of cross promotions 3.3 Start an online social page e.g. facebook to discuss the brand/product/event Number of visits/hits/comments/likes/followers 4 This will allow the event to produce better offerings in regards to the exclusivity of the event and will increase the events profile 4.1 Create a sponsorship proposal and press kit that stands out from competitors Acceptance of proposal and number of responses, number of proposals from competitors Action Plan Actions Action Officer Time Frame (months before event) 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Strategy 1.1 Action 1.11 Contact FTV and NOVA representatives to find out deadline Public relations/media team Action 1.12 Collect and compose footage of event and audio interviews Public relations/media team Action 1.13 Send to FTV and NOVA by deadline Public relations/media team Strategy 1.2 Action 1.21 Develop an interview script Public relations/media team Action 1.22 Contact agents of designers or designers directly and set up a meeting to interview Public relations/media team Action 1.23 Collect and condense interview data into clear information Public relations/media team Action 1.24 Send to editor of magazine by deadline along with press kit Public relations/media team Strategy 1.3 Action 1.31 Contact media representatives to find out deadline Public relations/media team Action 1.32 Write media release and information Public relations/media team Action 1.33 Develop press kits to send to magazine Public relations/media team Action 1.34 Send to editor by deadline Public relations/media team Strategy 2.1 Action 2.11 Contact ticketing company to inform them of intention to sell tickets to event, with prices and discharge information Marketing team/Ticketing manager or assistant Action 2.12 Create online flyer to advertise event and early bird discount Marketing team Action 2.13 Send flyer to ticketing company database and event database through both mail and e-mail Administration Strategy 2.2 Action 2.21 Liaise with marketing team of ticketing company about website link Marketing team Action 2.22 Create link within current event website with information and prices of tickets IT team, marketing team, ticketing manager or assistant Strategy 2.3 Action 2.31 Develop a partnership agreement Public relations, marketing team Action 2.32 Contact agents and set up a meeting to propose potential partnership  arrangement Public relations, marketing team Action 2.33 Create and edit advertisement/promotion Marketing Action 2.34 Inject cross-promotion into public Marketing Strategy 3.1 Action 3.11 Contact LOreals sales and marketing team and set up a way to receive an x amount of samples Sales and Marketing team Action 3.12 Contact various intermediaries such as makeup counters, hair salons, fashion magazines to inform about samples Marketing team Action 3.13 Distribute samples to intermediaries to implement in marketing campaigns Sales and distribution team Strategy 3.2 Action 3.21 Develop a partnership agreement Public Relations, marketing team Action 3.22 Contact LOreals marketing team and set up a meeting to propose potential partnership  arrangement Public Relations, marketing team Action 3.23 Create and edit advertisement/promotion Marketing Action 3.24 Inject cross-promotion into public Marketing Strategy 3.3 Action 3.31 Create a user login on facebook.com IT Team Action 3.32 Organise and disseminate information and media on profile page with links to several other pages and event website IT Team, media team, marketing team Strategy 4.1 Action 4.11 Write a marketing plan Marketing team Action 4.12 Identify competitors and sponsors Marketing team Action 4.13 Write a sponsorship proposal and press kit Marketing team Action 4.14 Send sponsorship proposal and press kit to identified sponsors Public relations, marketing team Contact sponsors and decide on sponsorship funds Marketing team Marketing Budget The marketing budget was based on a calculation of 20% of the total price of 4000 tickets sold in 2011. Ticket cost Total $79 x 4000 $316 000 $59 x 4000 $236 000 $39 x 4000 $156 000 $708 000 Average $236 000 Total Marketing Budget after 20% $47 200 Objectives Need Description/Calculation of Costs Cost 1 Advertising/publicity costs for Frankie and NOVA and FTV Frankie: 3 x Full Page, W: 210mm x H: 275mm @ $4670 each (Frankie, 2011) $14010 NOVA: 20 x 30 second ads over 7 days, 6am 6pm prime time @ $50 each (Australia Trade, 2010) $1000 FTV: 10 x 15 minute shows over 7 days, 7pm 7:15pm @ $20 cost per thousand (CPM) of 50, 000 (Boone, 2009) $10 000 Total $25 010 2 Mailing costs 5,000 x letters @ $58c each (Australia Post, 2011) $2900 Ticketing commission 4000 tickets x 10% increase = (4400 x $79) x 0.01 commission $3476 Printing costs 2 colour copy flyers per A4 page = 2500 x A4 pages @ $38c each (Officeworks, 2011) $950 Website development Overall cost (Cmather, 2011) $495 Website maintenance 30 hours @ $30 per hour (Cmather, 2011) $900 Advertising and promotion for cross-promotion with designers Billboard 6m x 3m for 8 weeks @ $1500 per 4 weeks and a one off $300 installation cost à · 2 (halves with cross-promotion) (GOA Billboard, 2011) $1650 Total $10 371 3 Samples cost 20 000 samples @ $10c each $2000 Advertising and promotion costs for cross-promotion with LOreal 25 x national light weight bus stop advertising @ $690 each à · 2 (halves with cross-promotion) (Adshel, 2011) $8 625 Social Website Usage is free $0 Distribution costs Covered by LOreal $0 Total $10 625 4 Printing costs 20 pages x 100 booklets = 2000 colour pages @ 0.38c = $760 + 100 booklets x $1.95 each for binding = $195 (Officeworks, 2011) $955 Mailing costs $1.20 x 100 booklets (Australia Post, 2011) $120 Total $1175 Overall total $47 181 Monitoring and Evaluation Objective 1: Measurement and evaluation mechanisms include: Number of televised stories that use the material Number of gained interviews Quality and acceptance of media kit Continuous partnerships with companies Objective 2: Measurement and evaluation mechanisms include: The difference in the number of ticket sales and/or revenue collected in prior year and current year Customer database increase and loyalty Number and quality of cross promotions Employee satisfaction LMFF annual review statistics Objective 3: Measurement and evaluation mechanisms include: Number and frequency of customer purchases/ LOreal annual review Number and frequency of sample intake Customer opinion, satisfaction, perception, and behaviours through surveys Number, quality and success of cross promotions Number of visits/hits/comments/likes/followers on facebook page Increase in ticket sales for LMFF overall events Objective 4: Measurement and evaluation mechanisms include: Acceptance of proposal Number of responses from sponsorships Number of proposals from competitors to sponsors Number of contracts signed with sponsorships compared to previous years, see appendix 2 Sponsorship funds increase and resource availability Sponsor reliability, efforts made, and perception of event Conclusion and Recommendations The LMFF has repositioned one of its most recently popular events called Fashion Full Stop: Decades of Australian Fashion. This popularity is proven by creative director, Grant Pearce, who stated in previous years, there hasnt been a show on opening night, theres just been a small presentation but this is a major theatrical show (Merhab, 2011). This success has been assisted by creating numerous objectives, marketing strategies, and an action plan that concentrates on increasing advertising, sponsorship and sales. The LMFF needs to continuously check and track the success of their initial objectives and modify or maintain the strategies and actions accordingly. These changes need to directly reflect the target markets and their various needs, wants and demands. Appendix Appendix 1. Appendix 2. Principal and Government partners: Loreal Paris, State Government Victoria Major Partners: Herald Sun, David Jones, Sofitel Luxury Hotels, Pacific Brands, Centralpier Spirit of Docklands, SpecSavers, Paper Stone Scissors, Eye Media, Westfield, City of Melbourne Event Partners: Marie Claire, 565 Lasoo, City of Stonnington, Peroni Italy, Colonial First State Global Asset Management, Woolmark, Sportsgirl Official Product Partners: Champagne Devaux, Yering Station, Lavazza, Lexus, Raffaello, Chambord, Sanpellegrino, Toll Ipec, Nine west, kikki.K, Synergy, Steve Madden Platinum Partners: Chadstone, Deloitte, Victoria Racing Club, Wilson Parking Gold Partners: Middletons, Corrs Chambers Westgarth, Deutsche Bank, MyCatwalk.com, Melbournes GPO, Fashion Weekend Melbourne, Image Box, The Just Group, Collins 234, Nikon, QV Melbourne, Kookai Media Partners: Artichoke, WGSN, Frankie Magazine, Cosmopolitan, Vogue Australia, 3AW 693, FASHIONTREND, FashionTV, Harper Bazaar, Grazia, Nova 100.3FM, InStyle, Madison, Avant Card, Hoyts, Yen

Compare and contrast the consequences of WWI respectively WWII Essay

WWI and WWII brought an extreme destruction and devastation to the world, certainly the previous wars had also brought devastation, but in a totally different scale. These wars were the biggest in the history of men with unexpectedly huge causalities to every country participating. The technology of warfare had improved beyond the imagination of men, bringing weapons that could kill enormous masses of people within a short period of time. WWI and WWII both had devastating results, far more than expected since each war took more than 10 million lives each and as written in the header, that was much more than any previous war. The cost of the war had gone along the size. Whole Europe fell in large debts from the wars, and there were inflation everywhere, more severe after the first war, and you can almost assume that the leaders of the countries had learnt something at least. Especially the inflation were high under the depression in Germany. The previous optimism from the 19th century was gone, now people had experienced the true horror of war, of the first world war, and after the second world war the horror that it could be repeated, a thought which didn’t occur to most people after the first war. Partly due to that many countries changed their ideologies after both wars, countries drew back after the first war, trying to repair some of the devastation, along with the more republics that came, the ideologies became more turned inwards – the country above all, we are the better, nationalism is a possible definition, but in many cases, except Germany, who mostly under these years were driven by hatred and revenge against the unfair Versailles treaty, it was more a fear, a paranoia, especially for the French along the Maginot line, â€Å"walls† rose between countries and the whole area were pretty tense, not as tense as before the war, but still everything hadn’t faded away. The exception for this was the USA with their attempts to create the League of Nations, but it became very short lived and hadn’t the impact it needed for becoming strong. However it planted the seed for the coming UN, which makes another similarity, both wars created these welfare organisations. But after the WWII the countries in Europe again started to look over their own borders, becoming a little more widely minded, countries became more involved in worldwide questions and started with these war-preventative organizations like NATO, trying to prepare for the next war, now that they knew that a repeat of the war weren’t impossible. These would show themselves useful sooner than expected. Since WWII as well as WWI led to a new conflict, for WWI obviously the WWII, and later for the second, the cold war, although it weren’t even close to the scale of the previous wars mostly due to the fact that it didn’t blossom to the war it were predicted to. Both wars also had an enormous impact on the economy in Europe. Among others huge economic debts piled up for each country involved. Furthermore the countries lost labour, since they got killed in the war. This was a downfall for the economy but to make up for some of the scarcity of labour women got to work in the factories, something which earlier was unthinkable, especially in the first world war. A general opinion of men during the late 19th century and the early 20th century was that women should be at home, taking care of the family etc, while men should work, providing the family with money. Although women was accepted working in factories to a great extent in the second world war, compared to the first and especiallty the time before, it would take a lot of more years before a women, not during war time should work. This also provided to the new liberal ideologies after the Second World War. Moreover things that had an impact on the economic change was the new technical improvements during the wars, since many products was invented as a consequence of the war and also the rate of mass production rose during the first world war. Also due to the enormous cost of the war there were inflation in many countries, one extreme example is Germany after the first world war, the Versailles treaty had put Germany under unimaginable debts. Debts that Germany had no opportunity paying back. That’s the major reason behind the inflation, when in just a few months in 1923 the worth of the mark compared to the dollar rose from 4.6 million to 4.3 trillion, about 1000000 times as much. Also the geography of the world changed after the wars, the borders changed quite a lot, and for example the first world war was the final blow for the Ottoman Empire, the reason that it fell, although it were about to fall anyway this was the spark. Then during the war Austria Hungary fell and the borders changed a lot in the Balkans. Finally, as pointed out the effects are quite similar, the atmospheres after the wars were rather similar, both were tense and allowed for new conflicts to start. The distrust of people for the government rose greatly. Furthermore there’s one effect I haven’t taken up yet, the destruction of the earth after the wars, great parts of Europe were affected, trenches were built, big land parts were bombed, and destructed even whole cities were bombed, then especially the Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki under the second world war. Then there’s the social trauma, both of the soldiers and the families at home, losing their relatives. But as they are similar, there aren’t many significant differences, probably the biggest were however the fact that no country did demand any compensation for the war, then there were no opportunity of a scenario like the one of Germany after the First World War to occur another time. Even though there also were positive sides on the war like the great leap in technology the overall effects were greatly negative, both wars had devastating effects.

Argumentative Essay on Should America Have Stronger Gun Control Laws

As of 2010, the current U.S. population is around 310 million people. According to Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Bureau, approximately 45 % of American households, which are represented by over 65 million people, who own a total of more than 200 million firearms. Every year the amount of arms in private hands continuously increases by 4.5 million unit (Kleck, 1997, p. 45). The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution of 1791guarantees Americans the right to keep and bear firearms. There are a number of federal laws, regulating ownership and use of firearms, however, every American state establishes the majority of gun control laws independently. For example, in 46 states there is no limit to the number of guns a person can buy. In 7 out of 50 states there are no age limitations on the purchase of firearms. In 2000 the Open Society Institute compared gun control laws of different states of the U.S.A. Their research showed that Massachusetts and Hawaii have strict laws, whil e Main, Alaska and Louisiana are distinguished by relatively free use of firearms (Lott, 2010, p. 78). In addition, Universities and colleges in the U.S. have their own gun policies. As a result, 82 out of 150 biggest higher educational institutions have totally banned firearms from campus (Kleck, 1997, p. 89). Nevertheless, tragedies such as Virginia Tech University mass murder in 2007, shooting at Colorado’s Columbine High School in 1999, and thousands of underage Americans dying from firearm injuries every year, raise heated debates regarding gun control laws. This issue is a very controversial and painful one, since politicians are careful to take risk of strengthening gun legislation, which can negatively effect their political career. In my opinion, America should not have stronger gun control laws, but a balanced legislation, letting adult American people own and use firearms to protect their lives, families and homes, but at the same time introducing wise restrictions to limit the access to firearms for children and teenagers, especially in public places like high schools and colleges. Disadvantages of Stronger Gun Control Laws Pro-gun activists, who vote for gun control laws softening, declare that government attempts to limit constitutional rights, allowing Americans to keep and bear firearms, has a negative impact on the entire American legislation. Every small step towards this direction leads to serious and long-term consequences. I personally agree that guns do not kill people, people do. Criminals will always find a way to obtain any form of a hand gun or automatic weapon, while law-abiding citizens will be defenseless against them. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in the states with the least number of gun ownership restrictions have 22 % less of violent crimes, 30% less murders, and 46% less burglaries. Besides, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concluded that there is no proof that stronger gun control laws result in the decrease of crime level (Poe, 2003, p.108). For this reason, I believe that in regions with more armed citizens, the level of crime is lower and the level of security is higher. Criminals usually do not tend to attack people, who are able to resist and protect themselves with guns. Advantages of Stronger Gun Control Laws On the other hand, pro-gun control activists claim that the Second Amendment to the Constitution does not guarantee the right of all Americans to bear firearms, but is related solely to police and militia members. In their opinion gun is a risk factor by itself: in places with higher private gun ownership more gun injuries and deaths happen. Firearms at home are especially dangerous for children and teenagers. Over 5 thousand young Americans die of gun injuries annually. Perennial statistics of FBI shows that every year a quarter of violent crimes and 60 to 75 % of murders in the U.S. are committed with the use of firearms. Furthermore, according to the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, in 2004 almost 29.6 thousand people died as a result of firearms in USA: out of which11.6 thousand were murdered and approximately 16.7 thousand committed suicide. In order to compare, 58.2 thousand Americans died during the Vietnam War (Poe, 2003, p. 178). According to the research of Emory University, for every defensive uses of firearms of 22 incidents of unlawful use of firearms including suicide occur. Availability of guns at home triples the risk of burglary (on the other hand, usually firearms are purchased by people residing in criminal districts), and increases the risk of family member suicide by five times. In 1986 criminalists Arthur Kellermann and Don Reay published an article in New England Journal of Medicine, proving that an American possessing a firearm has 43 times higher chance to shoot a family member, than a chance to shoot a criminal, who broke into their house. Moreover, it is estimated that for every uses of a gun or a rifle for self-defense, there occur 1.3 accidental deaths, 4.6 firearm use in violent crime, and 37 suicides involving the use of firearms (Kleck, 1997, p. 221). Pros and Cons of Stricter Gun Legislation Defenders and opponents of â€Å"armed America† actively operate with statistics, proving their points of view. Both sides try claim that ideological opponents distort and incorrectly quote referencing research results. However, official data of the Bureau of Justice Statistics reveals that the number of crimes committed with the use of firearms in the U.S. is constantly decreasing since 1993, even though the total amount of guns in private hands is increasing gradually. In 1993 11% of total crimes were committed with the use of guns and rifles, and in 2005 the percentage has fallen to 9% (Poe, 2003. 105). For this reason, there is no proof of direct correlation between the total amount of guns and the number of crimes. Besides, the number of firearm incidents has also decreased. In 1993 over one million of firearm incidents were reported, while in 2005 – only 419 incidents. Thus Lott (2010) has made an example of Brazil, where legal purchase of firearms is almost impos sible, but it does not stop criminals from arranging weekly street shootings where many people are murdered freely (p. 245). Dave Kopel, a member of Independence Institute, is one of the fiercest critics of Kellermann and Reay research on crimes and suicides involving the use of firearms. He claims that they based their conclusion on limited statistics of just one American county, and their calculations have serious arithmetic shortcomings. The main argument of their critics is that statistics thoroughly considers dead, injured, and arrested citizens. However, it fails to consider all the occurrences of defensive firearm use, because only 20-25% of people who have successfully defended themselves call the police afterwards (Lott, 2010, p.189).     Furthermore, Kopel emphasizes one more important factor: self-murderers will always find a way to kill themselves. For example, in Japan private possession of firearms is prohibited, but nonetheless, their rate of suicide is twice as high as in the USA. According to the research of Florida State University, Americans use firearms 2.5 million times for self-defense every year. Therefore, undoubtedly, there are real threats and reasons for owning a gun in order to protect oneself, one’s family or home, and we cannot deprive American citizens of this right, which brings them a feeling of security and peace. Moreover, legitimate use of firearms occurs 3-5 times more often than illegitimate one, and the majority of people who use rifles for self-defense do not fire it, since 1% of criminals attacking them were injured and only 0.1% was killed (Poe, 2003, pp. 210-211). Kleck (1997) claims that USA is distinguished by a significantly lower number of hot burglaries, accompanied by violence and threats to house owners in comparison to those countries, where household owners are not allowed to possess guns (p. 67). Thus, hot burglaries in the U.S. comprise 13 % of total crimes, while in Great Britain and Netherlands, where there is a strict anti-gun legislation, they comprise 45% of overall violent crimes. The author proves his point, relying on multiple interviews with arrested burglars, who avoid breaking into homes where owners can use firearms against them. Another strong point in defense of softer gun control laws is made by Poe (2003), who in his book tries to prove that if Americans renounce their rights to own guns, it will result in disappearance of traditional American culture (p. 126). As he says, a boy becomes a man when his father hands him a rifle and takes him for hunting. In his opinion, gun ban will lead to the decline of American democracy and government dictatorship. Public opinion surveys, regularly conducted by Gallup service, show that the number of supporters of stronger gun control laws is continuously decreasing starting since 1990. In January of 2007, for the first time in fifteen years pro-gun advocates constituted less than a half (49%) of the total amount of respondents. While the number of people, who support gun laws softening, has reached 14%. A survey, conducted at the end of 2006 showed that the majority of Americans believe that a gun or a rifle makes their home a more secure place. However, 43% of people claimed just the opposite (Kleck, 1997, pp. 320-323). Taking into account all the arguments proving that stronger gun control laws should not be introduced in America, we must not forget that a gun in the hands of a child or a teenager, who has not reached mental and intellectual maturity, and who may often perceive weapon as a toy without realizing all the damaging consequences of its misuse, is something totally opposite to a gun in the hands of an adult, trying to protect his family and home. I am convinced that massacres in public educational institutions that from time to time strike American nation are not simply the result of soft gun control laws. The access to weapon does not turn young people into murders. We should search for the cause in family and national culture that raises this kind of young generation. However, I think that mass shootings like in Virginia Tech University or Columbine High School could be avoided if there were wise age limitations on firearm purchase, and if students were not allowed to carry guns on cam pus territory. Conclusion The question whether free access to firearms influences the rate of crime and overall security of the society still remains opened. In any case crime in USA is one of the most essential problems of the country. Every year 6 million Americans become victims or crime (Lott, 2010, p.34). However a wrongful interpretation of crime statistics must not convince people of the need for stronger gun control laws. Numerous researches indicate that disarmament of law-abiding citizens is not a leap forward to a more secure society, but towards crime indulgence. It is a well-known fact that criminals rarely buy arms legally. On average, only 7 % of criminals legally purchase their weapon (Poe, 2003, p. 285). For this reason, if there must be stricter gun control laws, they should apply to illegal weapon trade. In the states where citizens are allowed to bear arms the rate of violent crimes is lower, than in the states where people are deprived of this right. Thus, it is wrong to claim that stronger gun control laws lead to crime rate decrease. At the same time absolutely no gun control and regulation would put into danger the most vulnerable American citizens like children and teenagers, who are most likely to misuse firearms and hurt each another. That is why balanced gun legislation must be executed in order to protect every group of American society.

Drug Drugs And Its Effects On The United States - 1392 Words

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